Khazar Khaganate
650-969
Although almost all of the Turks were Tengris before Islam, the Khazar Khagan and most of the Turks in the administrative level adopted Judaism in the 740s. Several scholars consider the Khazar Turks to be the ancestors of many Eastern European and Russian Jews. In addition to all these, the Khazars were a society where religious tolerance was widespread and Tengriism spread freely.
The Khazars, who continued to expand until the beginning of the 10th century and gave their name to the Caspian Sea, fought mostly with the Islamic State and the Sassanids, led by Caliph Osman. The Khaganate was weakened by the Pechenegs coming from the east and was destroyed by the Kiev Principality.